In males, this condition may cause lower testosterone levels, reproductive issues, poor self-esteem, difficulties with social interactions, and greater societal pressure related to community acceptance.
Challenges include vaccine mismatches resulting from the virus’ rapid evolution and resistance to antiviral drugs, and prevention is complicated by vaccine hesitancy and other factors.
Collaboration is crucial for optimizing care and addressing medication-access issues for patients with this chronic inflammatory disease of the spine.
In many cases, the cause is difficult to determine and may involve inadequate levels of certain hormones, but other problems may include structural issues and sperm abnormalities.